Novel antimicrobial finishing of organic cotton fabrics using nano-emulsions derived from Karanja and Gokhru plants

Plant-based antimicrobial finishing of textiles is comparable in efficacy, can replace synthetic agents, and environmentally safe effective. However, developing durable finishes on cotton-based a challenge. This research reports the development characterization nano-emulsions obtained from Karanja [ Milletia pinnata] Gokhru Pedalium murex Linn] plants. The were produced using pinnata, coconut oil, curry leaves (nano-emulsion 1) murex, 2). characterized for their thermal stability, particle size, pH, percentage add-on. Two different oils, with surfactant (polysorbate) ratios [1:1 1:2], finished organic cotton fabrics batch process. Scanning electron microscopy images evaluated to determine surface morphology fabrics, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studied specific chemical constituents 1 2. resistance various gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, epidermidis], which are found human skin cause nosocomial infections, gram-negative Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae], urinary tract fungi Aspergillus niger]. was range 98.62–99.87%, even after 10 washes, indicating that effective durable. unfinished also performance properties, tensile strength, moisture vapor transmission rate, results indicated good durability comfort characteristics. Our findings highlight potential plant-based agents thus preventing spread infections.